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5/2/13

Perang Tabuk & Pemulauan 3 Sahabat

Tabuk, also spelled Tabouk, is the capital city of the Tabuk province in north western Saudi Arabia. It has a population of 441,351. Tabuk is in proximity to the Jordan-Saudi Arabia border. It houses the largest air force base in Saudi Arabia.
Sesungguhnya Allah telah menerima taubat Nabi, orang-orang muhajirin dan orang-orang anshar yang mengikuti Nabi dalam masa kesulitan, setelah hati segolongan dari mereka hampir berpaling, kemudian Allah menerima taubat mereka itu. Sesungguhnya Allah Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang kepada mereka,
[Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia]

Battle of Tabuk

Mujahid and several others said, "This Ayah was revealed concerning the battle of Tabuk. They left for that battle during a period of distress. It was a year with little rain, intense heat and scarcity of supplies and water.'' Qatadah said, "They went to Ash-Sham during the year of the battle of Tabuk at a time when the heat was intense. Allah knew how hard things were, and they suffered great hardship. We were told that two men used to divide a date between themselves. Some of them would take turns in sucking on a date and drinking water, then give it to another man to suck on. Allah forgave them and allowed them to come back from that battle.'' Ibn Jarir reported that `Abdullah bin `Abbas said that `Umar bin Al-Khattab was reminded of the battle of distress (Tabuk) and `Umar said, "We went with the Messenger of Allah in the intense heat for Tabuk. We camped at a place in which we were stricken so hard by thirst that we thought that our necks would be severed. One of us used to go out in search of water and did not return until he feared that his neck would be severed. One would slaughter his camel, squeeze its intestines and drink its content, placing whatever was left on his kidney. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq said, `O Allah's Messenger! Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, has always accepted your invocation, so invoke Allah for us.' The Prophet said,
ة«تُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ؟»ة
(Would you like me to do that)
Abu Bakr said, `Yes.' The Prophet raised his hands and did not put them down until rain fell from the sky in abundance. It rained and then stopped raining for a while, then rained again, so they filled their containers. We went out to see where the rain reached and found that it did not rain beyond our camp.''' Ibn Jarir said about Allah's statement,
ة«﴿لَقَدْ تَابَ الله عَلَى النَّبِىِّ وَالْمُهَـجِرِينَ وَالاٌّنصَـرِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ فِى سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ﴾»ة
(Allah has forgiven the Prophet, the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the time of distress,)
meaning "With regards to expenditures, transportation, supplies and water,
ة«﴿مِن بَعْدِ مَا كَادَ يَزِيغُ قُلُوبُ فَرِيقٍ مِّنْهُمْ﴾»ة
(after the hearts of a party of them had nearly deviated,)
away from the truth, thus falling prey to doubting the Messenger's religion because of the distress and hardships they suffered during their travel and battle,
ة«﴿ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾»ة
(but He accepted their repentance.)
He directed them to repent to their Lord and renew their firmness on His religion,
ة«﴿إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ﴾»ة
(Certainly, He is unto them full of kindness, Most Merciful.)
dan terhadap tiga orang yang ditangguhkan (penerimaan taubat) mereka, hingga apabila bumi telah menjadi sempit bagi mereka, padahal bumi itu luas dan jiwa merekapun telah sempit (pula terasa) oleh mereka, serta mereka telah mengetahui bahwa tidak ada tempat lari dari (siksa) Allah, melainkan kepada-Nya saja. Kemudian Allah menerima taubat mereka agar mereka tetap dalam taubatnya. Sesungguhnya Allah-lah Yang maha Penerima taubat lagi Maha Penyayang.
Hai orang-orang yang beriman bertakwalah kepada Allah, dan hendaklah kamu bersama orang-orang yang benar.
[Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia]
(118. And (Allah has forgiven) the three who stayed behind, until for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened and their souls were straitened to them, and they perceived that there is no fleeing from Allah, and no refuge but with Him. Then, He forgave them, that they might beg for His pardon. Verily, Allah is the One Who forgives and accepts repentance, Most Merciful.) (119. O you who believe! Have Taqwa of Allah, and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).)

Allah sent His relief from the distress and grief that struck these three men, because Muslims ignored them for fifty days and nights, until they themselves, and the earth -- vast as it is -- were straitened for them. As vast as the earth is, its ways and paths were closed for them, and they did not know what action to take. They were patient for Allah's sake and awaited humbly for His decree. They remained firm, until Allah sent His relief to them since they told the Messenger of Allah the truth about why they remained behind, declaring that they did not have an excuse for doing so. They were requited for this period, then Allah forgave them. Therefore, the consequence of being truthful was better for them, for they gained forgiveness. Hence Allah's statement next,

ة﴿يَـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ اتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ وَكُونُواْ مَعَ الصَّـدِقِينَ﴾ة
(O you who believe! Have Taqwa of Allah, and be with those who are true.) The Ayah says, adhere to and always say the truth so that you become among its people and be saved from destruction. Allah will make a way for you out of your concerns and a refuge. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said that the Messenger of Allah said,
ة«عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِن الصَّدْقَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْبِرِّ، وَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَلَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَصْدُقُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الصِّدْقَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللهِ صِدِّيقًا، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْكَذِبَ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْفُجُورِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّارِ، وَلَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَكْذِبُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الْكَذِبَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللهِ كَذَّابًا»ة
(Hold on to truth, for being truthful leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to Paradise. Verily, a man will keep saying the truth and striving for truth, until he is written before Allah as very truthful (Siddiq). Beware of lying, for lying leads to sin, and sin leads to the Fire. Verily, the man will keep lying and striving for falsehood until he is written before Allah as a great liar.) This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs.

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